Archwire
A wire used in orthodontic treatment that fits into brackets and is able to cause or guide the movement of teeth into alignment.
Band (orthodontic)
A thin metal ring, typically made from stainless steel, that secures orthodontic attachments to a tooth. The bands have orthodontic attachments welded or soldered to them and are closely adapted to fit the teeth’s contours and then cemented into position.
Bracket
An attachment secured to a tooth either through bonding or banding to activate an archwire. Brackets are from metal, or for a more aesthetic alternative, ceramic or plastic. The latter two more closely mirror the color of the natural teeth.
Crowding
A lack of proper space for the teeth.
Debanding
The removal of cemented orthodontic bands.
Gingiva
The tissue surrounding the teeth and consisting of a fibrous tissue that is continuous with the periodontal ligament and mucosal covering.
Headgear
A generic term for extraoral traction, which is secured around the back of the head. It is used for growth modification, tooth movement and anchorage.
Herbst Appliance
Fixed or removable appliance used to address overbite and other types of malocclusion.
Imaging
The process of capturing 2-D or 3-D representations of structures, including teeth and jaws.
Lingual
Of or pertaining to the tongue. This term describes surfaces and directions toward
Lingual appliances
Orthodontic appliances that are applied to lingual teeth surfaces.
Maxillary
Of or pertaining to the upper jaw. This term can be used to describe teeth, dental restorations, orthodontic appliances or facial structures.
Orthodontist
A dentist who continued his/her education by completing an advanced post-doctoral course accredited by the American Dental Association. Orthodontic residencies can last an addition two to three years.
Orthognathic surgery
Surgery that alters relationships between teeth and/or supporting bone structure, routinely done in conjunction with orthodontic treatment.
Overbite
Vertical overlapping of upper teeth over lower teeth, usually measured perpendicular to the occlusal plane.
Radiograph
A permanent image taken digitally or on film that is produced by ionizing radiation. Sometimes referred to as an X-ray after the most common source of image-producing radiation.
Retainer
Fixed or removable orthodontic appliances that are used to hold the teeth in their desired position after the braces come off.
Retention
The passive treatment period that follows orthodontic treatment when retaining appliances are used.